Did you know that an artificial intelligence has achieved results in a game where you have to negotiate? In two thousand twenty-two, CICERO plays Diplomacy. To move forward, it is not enough to calculate a position: players also discuss to form and coordinate alliances. The system combines strategy and language to interact with other players. The video features the standard map of the game, created by Martin Asal/PharaohCrab and used under CC BY-SA 3.0 license. It shows neither part of CICERO nor a transcript of its negotiations.
The published assessment covers forty parts with eighty-two humans. CICERO gets more than double the average score of players and is in the top ten percent of participants who played more than one game. These are the results of this protocol, not international diplomacy.
The peculiarity is to connect language to decisions in a game of several. But a virtual alliance means neither consciousness nor universal negotiating skill. Here, the rules, opponents and evaluation are defined; the real policy goes beyond that plateau.
What we know
The evaluation covers 40 games with 82 humans in the game Diplomacy. It does not demonstrate competence in international diplomacy.
To go to the source
References consulted on October 12, 2026.
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